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Land Administration

in the Developing World

 

 

 

 

Land Law and Registration

Chapters from the authoritative book by S. Rowton Simpson

Land Administration Projects

A list of projects financed by development agencies

Country Systems

Land administration systems and laws, country by country

Resources

Books, papers and sources of data and information useful to the land administration student and practitioner

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  Land Administration Lands by Country
  A  B  C  D  E  F  G  H  I  J  K  L  M  N  O  P  Q  R  S  T  U  V  W  X  Y  Z

The following list is incomplete, non-authoritative, and a work in (slow) progress. Any additions or corrections gratefully received. For an explanation of the land administration systems see here.
 

Country

Sys

Laws

Link

Comments

 

 

 

 

 

Afghanistan

 

 

 

 

Albania

 

 

 

 

Algeria

 

 

 

 

Andorra

 

 

 

 

Angola

 

 

 

 

Antigua

Land

Land Adjudication Act 1975
Registered Land Act 1975

Laws

 

Argentina

 

 

 

 

Armenia

 

 

 

 

Australia

 

 

 

 

Austria

 

 

 

 

Azerbaijan

 

 

 

 

Bahamas

Deeds

Registration of Records Act 1928

Laws
LUPAP

 

Bahrain

 

 

 

 

Bangladesh

Title

Transfer of Property Act 1882

 

Freehold and leasehold formal private tenures; widespread informality and insecurity of tenure.

 

 

Registration Act 1908

 

 

Barbados

Mixed

Land Registration Act 1988

LR

Land registration (following 1925 legislation and reforms in England and Wales); sporadic conversion (still ongoing) from deeds registration.

 

 

Land (Adjudication of Rights and Interests) Act 1988

 

 

Belarus

 

 

 

 

Belgium

 

 

 

 

Belize

Mixed

Land Adjudication Act 1992
Registered Land Act 1992

Laws

Deeds registration, converting to land registration by systematic adjudication

Benin

 

 

 

 

Bermuda

None

 

LTO

Private conveyancing with voluntary registration of deeds. Proposed introduction of registration of land

Bhutan

 

 

 

 

Bolivia

 

 

 

 

Bosnia Herzegovina

 

 

 

 

Botswana

 

 

 

 

Brazil

 

 

 

 

British Virgin Is.

Land

Registered Land Ordinance Cap.229

 

Introduced by systematic land adjudication between 1970-73

Brunei

 

 

 

 

Bulgaria

 

 

 

 

Burkina

 

 

 

 

Burundi

 

 

 

 

Cambodia

Land

The Land Law 2001

LMAP

Currently being introduced

Cameroon

 

 

 

 

Canada

 

 

 

 

Cape Verdi

 

 

 

 

Cayman Is.

Land

Land Adjudication Act 1971
Registered Land Law 1971

 

 

CAR

 

 

 

 

Chad

 

 

 

 

Chile

 

 

 

 

China

 

 

 

 

Colombia

 

 

 

 

Comoros

 

 

 

 

Congo

 

 

 

 

Congo DR

 

 

 

 

Costa Rica

 

 

 

 

Croatia

 

 

 

 

Cuba

 

 

 

 

Cyprus

 

 

 

 

Czech Rep

 

 

 

 

Denmark

 

 

 

 

Djibouti

 

 

 

 

Dominica

 

 

 

 

Dominican Republic

 

 

 

 

East Timor

 

 

 

 

Ecuador

 

 

 

 

Egypt

 

 

 

 

El Salvador

 

 

 

 

England & W

Land

Land Registration Act 2002

HMLR

30% of land still held by registered deed

Eq Guinea

 

 

 

 

Eritrea

 

 

 

 

Estonia

 

 

 

 

Ethiopia

Mixed

Civil Code 1960
(Regional land administration laws)

 

Different systems in different regions and urban and rural areas

Fiji

 

 

 

 

Finland

 

 

 

 

France

 

 

 

 

Gabon

 

 

 

 

Gambia

 

 

 

 

Georgia

 

 

 

 

Germany

 

 

 

 

Ghana

Mixed

Land Registry Act
Land Title Registration Law 1986

LAP

Notice/priority deeds registration being replaced by compulsory sporadic first registration of title  in Greater Accra and Kumasi regions (Kenya-Lagos model)

Greece

 

 

 

 

Grenada

 

 

 

 

Guatemala

 

 

 

 

Guinea

 

 

 

 

Guinea-Bissau

 

 

 

 

Guyana

Mixed

Land Registry Act 1959
Registration of Deeds Act

 

Land registration (hybrid model) and deeds registration (Dutch system)

Haiti

 

 

 

 

Honduras

 

 

 

 

Hong Kong

Deeds

Land Registration Ordinance 1844

 

 

Hungary

 

 

 

 

Iceland

 

 

 

 

India

 

 

 

 

Indonesia

 

 

 

 

Iran

 

 

 

 

Iraq

 

 

 

 

Ireland

 

 

 

 

Israel

 

 

 

 

Italy

 

 

 

 

Ivory Coast

 

 

 

 

Jamaica

Mixed

Registration of Titles Act 1889

Laws

About half the country is covered by the Torrens system; the other half is informal or has deeds.

Japan

 

 

 

 

Jordan

 

 

 

 

Kazakhstan

 

 

 

 

Kenya

Mixed

Land Adjudication Act 1968
Registered Land Act 1968

 

 

Kiribati

 

 

 

 

Korea North

 

 

 

 

Korea South

 

 

 

 

Kuwait

 

 

 

 

Kyrgyzstan

 

 

 

 

Laos

 

 

 

 

Latvia

 

 

 

 

Lebanon

 

 

 

 

Lesotho

 

 

 

 

Liberia

 

 

 

 

Libya

 

 

 

 

Liechtenstein

 

 

 

 

Lithuania

 

 

 

 

Luxembourg

 

 

 

 

Macedonia

 

 

 

 

Madagascar

 

 

 

 

Malawi

Mixed

Registered Land Act 1967
Adjudication of Title Act 1971

Land

Land registration; deeds registration; customary tenure (Land Act)

Malaysia

 

 

 

 

Maldives

 

 

 

 

Mali

 

 

 

 

Malta

 

 

 

 

Marshall Is

 

 

 

 

Mauritania

 

 

 

 

Mauritius

 

 

 

 

Mexico

 

 

 

 

Micronesia

 

 

 

 

Moldova

 

 

 

 

Monaco

 

 

 

 

Mongolia

 

 

 

 

Morocco

 

 

 

 

Mozambique

 

 

 

 

Myanmar

 

 

 

 

Namibia

 

 

 

 

Nauru

 

 

 

 

Nepal

 

 

 

 

Netherlands

 

 

 

 

New Zealand

 

 

 

 

Nicaragua

 

 

 

 

Niger

 

 

 

 

Nigeria

 

 

 

 

Norway

 

 

 

 

Oman

 

 

 

 

Pakistan

 

 

 

 

Palau

 

 

 

 

Panama

 

 

 

 

PNG

 

 

 

 

Paraguay

 

 

 

 

Peru

 

 

 

 

Philippines

 

 

 

 

Poland

 

 

 

 

Portugal

 

 

 

 

Qatar

 

 

 

 

Romania

 

 

 

 

Russia

 

 

 

 

Rwanda

 

 

 

 

St Kitts & Nevis

 

 

 

 

St Lucia

 

 

 

 

St Vincent

 

 

 

 

San Marino

 

 

 

 

Sao Tome & P

 

 

 

 

Saudi Arabia

 

 

 

 

Scotland

Mixed

Land Registration Act 1979

RoS

Title registration replacing deeds registration on transaction
RoT practice book

Senegal

 

 

 

 

Seychelles

 

 

 

 

Sierra Leone

 

 

 

 

Singapore

Title

Land Titles Ordinance 1956
Land Titles Act 1970

 

Torrens system

Slovakia

 

 

 

 

Slovenia

 

 

 

 

Solomon Is

 

 

 

 

Somalia

 

 

 

 

South Africa

 

 

 

 

Spain

 

 

 

 

Sri Lanka

 

 

 

 

Sudan

 

 

 

 

Suriname

 

 

 

 

Swaziland

Deeds

Deeds Registry Act

SGD

Registration and cadastral systems are based on South African system and laws

Sweden

 

 

 

 

Switzerland

 

 

 

 

Syria

 

 

 

 

Taiwan

 

 

 

 

Tajikistan

 

 

 

 

Tanzania

 

 

 

 

Thailand

 

 

 

 

Togo

 

 

 

 

Tonga

 

 

 

 

Trinidad & Tob

Mixed

Deeds Registration Act 1856
Real Property Ordinance 1892
Land Adjudication Act 2000
Registration of Titles to Land Act 2000

Laws

Dual deed and title (Torrens) registration system; however, much land remains unregistered and there are many informal transactions. New legislation (not yet in force) and a project to adjudicate all land envisages one new title registration system.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Tunisia

 

 

 

 

Turkey

 

 

 

 

Turkmenistan

 

 

 

 

Tuvalu

 

 

 

 

Uganda

Mixed

Registration of Titles Act 1924

 

Based on the Victoria (Australia) Transfer of Land Act

Ukraine

 

 

 

 

UAE

 

 

 

 

United Kingdom

 

 

 

 

United States

 

 

 

 

Uruguay

 

 

 

 

Uzbekistan

 

 

 

 

Vanuatu

 

 

 

 

Vatican City

 

 

 

 

Venezuela

 

 

 

 

Vietnam

 

 

 

 

Western Samoa

 

 

 

 

Yemen

 

 

 

 

Yugoslavia

 

 

 

 

Zambia

 

 

 

 

Zimbabwe

 

 

 

 

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